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Commuters crowd a subway train in Beijing Monday, July 21, 2008. Many commuters switched to the subway on Monday, the first workday for restrictions on car use under a bold plan to clear the Olympic city of its notorious smog-choked skies. (AP Photo/Andy Wong)

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Tuesday, 22 July 2008
World Briefing for July 22, 2008 Print E-mail
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Top war crimes suspect arrested in Serbia

BELGRADE, Serbia -- Former Bosnian Serb leader Radovan Karadzic, accused architect of massacres making him one of the world's top war crimes fugitives, was arrested on Monday evening in a sweep by Serbian security forces, the country's president and the U.N. tribunal said.

Karadzic is suspected of masterminding mass killings that the U.N. war crimes tribunal described as "scenes from hell, written on the darkest pages of human history." The killings include the 1995 massacre of 8,000 Muslims in Srebrenica, Europe's worst slaughter since World War II.

"I was informed by our colleagues in Belgrade about the successful operation which resulted in the arrest of Radovan Karadzic," the tribunal's head prosecutor, Serge Brammertz, said.

He was indicted on genocide charges in 1995 by the tribunal, and topped the its most-wanted list for more than a decade, allegedly resorting to elaborate disguises to elude authorities.


Zimbabwe sides agree to power-sharing talks

HARARE, Zimbabwe -- Three months after the voting and violence began, Zimbabwe's embattled President Robert Mugabe and his bitter opposition rival agreed Monday to hold talks immediately about sharing power to end the country's political crisis.

But the rivals' first joint appearance in a decade did not bring relief to Zimbabweans grappling with the world's worst inflation. They lined up outside banks for Monday's release of a new Zimbabwe $100 billion note issued by the central bank -- an instant hit with collectors on eBay.

Mugabe and opposition leader Morgan Tsvangirai signed the breakthrough deal agreeing in cautious language that they have an obligation to establish a framework of "working together in an inclusive government."

It commits them to creating a "genuine, viable, permanent and sustainable solution" within two weeks and calls on parties to "eliminate all forms of political violence."

The deal, following three months of state-sponsored electoral violence, was seen as a victory for the opposition and was similar in concept to the pact worked out between rivals to end ethnic and political violence in Kenya that killed more than 1,000 people earlier this year.


China pulls troops from quake zone

BEIJING -- China on Monday began withdrawing the first batch of 40,000 troops from three provinces hit by the massive May 12 earthquake, as authorities shift their focus away from rescue and toward reconstruction work.

The first group of soldiers, about 500 paratroopers, left the Sichuan capital of Chengdu by train Monday morning, the official Xinhua News Agency said. No time frame was given for when the troop pullout will be complete.

Departing soldiers autographed local children's t-shirts and crowds in Sichuan's Qingchuan county and Shifang city lined the road to wave at passing military convoys, according to Xinhua. Some people held up handwritten cardboard signs thanking the soldiers.

China mobilized about 130,000 troops and armed police to help with quake relief and post-quake reconstruction in the provinces of Sichuan, Gansu and Shaanxi following the 7.9-magnitude temblor.

Disasters always pose a test for the communist government, whose mandate rests heavily on maintaining order, delivering economic growth, and providing relief in emergencies.

The quick deployment reflected China's emphasis on its ability to deliver efficient relief as well as its desire to show the world it stands ready for anything that may come during the Olympics in August.


Worse may come for lines at Tijuana

TIJUANA, Mexico -- It looks like any Southern California traffic jam -- except you can buy a cappuccino and a 4-foot statue of Jesus from your car while watching dogs sniff vehicles for drugs.

This is the U.S.-Mexico border's most congested crossing, where local residents say already epic lines into San Diego have grown even longer since January, when the U.S. began phasing out a long-standing practice of allowing people they believed to be American citizens to enter by simply stating their citizenship.

Border guards now require most crossers to present a U.S. passport or other proof of citizenship, such as a birth certificate -- though they are still permitted to exercise their own judgment in order to keep lines moving. As always, Mexican citizens and other foreign nationals must show valid immigration documents to enter.

Still longer waits may be coming for people trying to get to jobs, homes, in-laws and weekend hangouts are scattered across both halves of the border's largest metropolis.

As of next June, all U.S. citizens will have to present a passport or security-enhanced card, much like an electronic toll tag, to cross -- or risk being waved out of line for a rigorous security check.


India's PM staking government on vote

NEW DELHI -- India's prime minister has long been regarded as the consummate non-politician, a sober technocrat more comfortable with the arcane details of economic policy than the rough-and-tumble world of Indian politics.

But with his government facing a too-close-to-call confidence vote Tuesday over its landmark nuclear energy deal with the United States, Indians are about to find out just how savvy a politician Prime Minister Manmohan Singh can be.

In recent weeks, Singh and top officials of his Congress Party have reassured vacillating allies, wooed old enemies and brought wayward members back into line. When all else failed, they cut whatever deals they could: renaming an airport for a lawmaker's father, promising a high-level job to another, and, two rival politicians allege, handing out millions of dollars to others.

But as the debate on the measure began Monday, observers said the government was anywhere from two to 10 votes shy of the 272 it needed to survive.

If the government loses, the nuclear pact -- seen as the cornerstone of a budding strategic partnership between New Delhi and Washington -- will likely be finished, and early elections will probably be called for later this year, months before the government's term ends next May.

While the politicking of the past week drew in India's entire political elite, the vote in many ways is shaping up as a referendum on Singh's leadership.

The soft-spoken and bespectacled Singh, 75, has staked his premiership on the deal. "He obviously feels this nuclear agreement is key to this legacy -- it carves out his place in history," said Mahesh Rangarajan, a political analyst in New Delhi.


Beijing has first workday under car restrictions

BEIJING -- Traffic flowed a little smoother. Busy avenues had fewer cars. By nightfall, even the hazy sky had mostly cleared.

So went the first workday under a government-imposed plan to reduce Beijing's foul air pollution before the start of next month's Olympics.

Millions of commuters turned to subways, buses and car pools as the strict program sought to take half of Beijing's 3.3 million cars off the road.

In parts of the city, traffic was visibly lighter than on other workdays.

"There were much fewer vehicles on the airport expressway, and I could drive much faster," said civil servant Lin Kai, shaving with an electric razor while sitting in his parked car.

He said he bought a new bicycle because of the restrictions and would try to pedal to work a few times a week despite the summer heat and the hour-long ride.

The two-month operation that began Sunday bans cars with odd-numbered license plates one day, even-numbered plates the next. The ambitious attempt to ensure "blue sky days" by the time 10,500 athletes and 500,000 visitors arrive for the Aug. 8-24 Olympics includes construction cutbacks and factory closures.

Those caught driving on days they should not will be fined $14, a stiff penalty even for Beijing. It wasn't known how many tickets were issued; phones rang unanswered all day at the police traffic management bureau.

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